Quaternary Disinfectants are broad spectrum disinfectants.
According to EPA’s definition broad spectrum disinfectants show efficacy
against all the three major classes of microbial organisms-Bacteria, Fungi and
Viruses.
Cleaning products used in houses, industries, public places
are mainly based on quaternary ammonium compounds.
The risk of contamination is increasing at an alarming rate in
our everyday life. Thus disinfectants are an important component for
safeguarding the environment.
Structurally Quaternary
ammonium compounds contain a positively charged nitrogen atom which is bonded
to four organic groups. These are used as broad spectrum disinfectant.
Quaternary ammonium compounds destroy the cell wall of
microbes. The positively charged nitrogen atom binds itself with the cell
membrane of the microbes which are negatively charged. This denatures the
protein present in the cell of bacteria or fungi impairing their metabolic
reaction and finally causes death.
Because different types of combinations are possible many
versions of QACs are available commercially. The most commonly found QAC in
disinfectants are Benzalkonium chlorides, also known as alkyl dimethyl benzyl
ammonium chlorides .Abbreviations for Benzalkonium chloride include BAC, BZK, BKC, and ADBAC.
QAC based products possess superior stability compared to
other disinfectants. QACs show the broadest spectrum of efficacy against
microbial agents. It shows activity against Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa, Fungus
and Algae.
QACs show good cleaning properties. The main use of QACs are
in healthcare sectors.
One of the key features of QAC based disinfectants is that
they are non corrosive to metal pipes and other surfaces. They can be diluted
for easy use and thus cause very little damage to the surface. QAC based
products show exceptional material compatibility .
KEY FEATURES
·
Economical and easy availability
·
Non -damaging on carpets, clothing etc.
·
Non corrosive to metal pipes
·
Non Toxic
Main Application of Quaternary Disinfectant:
· Food
Processing Plants-All the instruments and equipments used in food
industries need to be sterilized correctly otherwise it would cause alteration
in food quality.QAC based products are used extensively to give proper
sterilization against all microbial attack.
· Personal
Hygiene- QAC for its excellent germicidal activity are used in most hand
sanitizers, hand gel etc. It has proven to show 99.99% destruction of common
bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and
Escherichia coli for an exposure time of 2 minutes.
·
Medical Institutions –For cleaning and
disinfecting bathroom surfaces. In many hospital rooms QAC based products are
employed in spray fogging for killing airborne and surface bacteria.
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